MEMS based WSS typically produce good extinction ratios, but poor open loop performance for setting a given attenuation level.
2.
A useful quantity that describes the polarization characteristics of the SLED emission is the polarization extinction ratio ( PER ).
3.
For achieving a high extinction ratio, one usually exploits the Quantum-confined Stark effect ( QCSE ) in a quantum well structure.
4.
The polarization extinction ratio of bulk chips is around 8 9 dB while it can be as high as 15 20 dB for QW chips.
5.
However, OMA is often used to express the effective usable modulation in a signal when the extinction ratio is not high and this approximation may not be valid.
6.
As shown in Fig ., response times of about 1 ns, extinction ratios of 27 dB and 3 dB bandwidths exceeding 200 MHz can be easily achieved.
7.
The polarization extinction ratio ( PER ) is the ratio of optical powers of perpendicular polarizations, usually called TE ( transverse electrical ) and TM ( transverse magnetic ).
8.
The output of a PM fiber is typically characterized by its polarization extinction ratio ( PER ) the ratio of correctly to incorrectly polarized light, expressed in decibels.
9.
Accurate rotation angle alignment is especially important for polarization-maintaining ( PM ) fiber, where rotational misalignment between mated fibers decreases the polarization extinction ratio of the connection.
10.
Modules provided with polarization maintaining ( PM ) fibre pigtails exhibit high values ( > 15 dB ) of the polarization extinction ratio that are independent on the fibre bending.
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